The categorization of magical practitioners into benevolent and malevolent roles is a fascinating aspect of ancient societies, particularly between 2000 and 1500 BCE. Within these cultures, practitioners such as the ashipu and kashshapu played significant roles, influencing the lives of individuals and their communities through their respective practices. The ashipu were seen as healing magicians, utilizing their knowledge of herbs, rituals, and incantations to promote health and wellness. In contrast, the kashshapu were viewed as practitioners of harmful magic, associated with curses, hexes, and various forms of malicious spells that brought fear and unease to the people.

Folk magic has existed for millennia, deeply intertwined with human history, culture, and survival. Long before the term "witch" carried negative connotations, folk magic was an integral part of daily life, practiced by healers, midwives, and spiritual leaders. These individuals, often revered in their communities, used natural remedies, divination, and rituals to provide healing and guidance. The roots of witchcraft as it is understood today can be traced back to these early practices, which were both mystical and practical, shaping the perception of witches throughout history.

Early Shamanistic Practices and Their Connection to Witchcraft